The Setup: Smart City Stocks
Remember the brochures? Gleaming towers, drone highways, a city built from scratch in the desert.
Forget them.
The smart city of today looks like this: a 90-year-old water main under Cleveland, a county courthouse still running on paper checks, and a police department with 3 open positions it can't fill. The "smart" part is the software and sensors wrapped around all that old stuff so it doesn't fall over.
Cities can't afford to rip and replace. They can afford to bolt intelligence onto what they've got, especially when the vendor promises it pays for itself in leaked water, uncollected fines, or overtime hours.
The market stopped rewarding "vision" and started rewarding backlog. The companies below sell insurance against a breaking present.[1]
Here's what "bolt-on intelligence" looks like when it compounds. Samsara sells the cheapest possible version, a tracker in a truck, and just crossed the $2 billion recurring revenue line:
Nobody is building the city of the future. Everybody is buying software to keep the city of the past alive.
Two things changed in the last twelve months:
- AI panic hit GovTech. Software that sells to governments got dumped with the rest of SaaS on fears that AI eats seat-based pricing. Tyler Technologies is down roughly 40% in a year despite posting record bookings.
- The surveillance backlash got real. The "DeFlock" movement, canceled camera contracts, and spring 2026 protests turned public opinion into a line item on the income statement for anyone selling cameras to cops. Axon's CEO is now fielding questions about privacy on earnings calls. This is the biggest risk in the theme and we'll come back to it.
Here's how we're slicing this theme: GovTech (the administrative operating system), Retrofit Hardware (meters, pumps, grid gear), Mobility & Sensing (the eyes and ears on roads and fleets), and Private Bellwethers (the ones setting the pace but not yet tradable).
| Company | Ticker | Segment | Thesis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tyler Technologies | NYSE: TYL | GovTech | Runs courts, taxes, and permits for thousands of local governments; SaaS +22% while the stock got dumped with AI-panic SaaS |
| Axon | NASDAQ: AXON | GovTech | "Operating system for public safety," 10 straight quarters of 30%+ growth; priced for perfection at ~240x earnings |
| Itron | NASDAQ: ITRI | Retrofit Hardware | Smart meters and grid-edge software; $4.4B backlog even as revenue dipped 7% in Q2 |
| Xylem | NYSE: XYL | Retrofit Hardware | Pumps, sensors, and leak detection for water utilities that can't afford new pipes |
| Badger Meter | NYSE: BMI | Retrofit Hardware | The pure-play on smart water meters; boring, profitable, recurring |
| Samsara | NYSE: IOT | Mobility & Sensing | ~$2B ARR growing 30%; the cheapest way for a city fleet to get "smart" |
| Verra Mobility | NASDAQ: VRRM | Mobility & Sensing | Toll and school-zone cameras; revenue up, guidance cut, $1B of debt |
| Trimble | NASDAQ: TRMB | Mobility & Sensing | Digital twins and positioning for the crews rebuilding roads and bridges |
| Waymo (Alphabet) | NASDAQ: GOOGL | Private | 11 metros live, ~half a million paid rides a week; only tradable through its parent |
| Flock Safety | Private | Private | $8.4B valuation, $300M+ ARR, 5,000 agencies, and the face of the surveillance backlash |
GovTech
Every city runs on a stack of unglamorous software: permits, court dockets, payroll, tax collection, evidence lockers. Replacing it is a 5-year migration nobody wants to do twice. Once you're in, you're in for a decade.
Tyler Technologies NYSE: TYL
If your local government issued you a permit, collected your property tax, or scheduled your jury duty, there's a decent chance Tyler Technologies wrote the software. It's the closest thing to a monopoly on the back office of American local government.
Q2 2026: revenue of $645 million, SaaS revenue up 21.7%, record bookings, record free cash flow. Management guided full-year EPS to $12.95 to $13.20. The business is fine. The stock is not: it's off about 40% over twelve months because Wall Street decided AI would shrink every seat-based software contract on earth. A county clerk's office is not going to vibe-code its own court management system. Governments buy from Tyler because someone has to be accountable when the tax roll is wrong. If you want one stock that says "cities keep functioning," this is it.
Axon NASDAQ: AXON
Axon started as the TASER company. It's now body cams, evidence cloud, real-time crime centers, drones, and counter-drone systems, sold to more than 17,000 U.S. agencies on subscription. Q2 2026 revenue hit $904 million, up 35%, the tenth straight quarter above 30%. Recurring revenue is $1.6 billion and growing 39%. The Dedrone counter-drone unit alone just crossed $100 million in a single quarter.
So why did the stock drop 6% on that print? Because at roughly 240 times earnings, "great" isn't enough, and management flagged rising memory-chip costs squeezing Q3 margins. Also watch the privacy question. Axon is positioning itself as the "responsible" alternative to license-plate-reader rivals, and says agencies are switching to it for exactly that reason. If the backlash keeps growing, that's a moat. If it turns into legislation, it's a headwind for everyone.
Retrofit Hardware
Pipes, meters, transformers. The stuff under the street. None of it is getting replaced on schedule, so utilities are buying sensors and software to squeeze another decade out of it. This segment is slower, cheaper, and far less exciting than GovTech. It's also where the checks actually clear.
Itron NASDAQ: ITRI
Itron makes the smart meters on the side of your house and the software that turns millions of them into a grid utilities can actually see. Q2 2026 revenue fell 7% to $563 million, but gross margin jumped to 41% from 37%, and total backlog sits at $4.4 billion. Translation: fewer low-margin boxes, more high-margin software and services. The revenue dip spooked people. The backlog is what matters. Utilities facing data-center load growth need grid visibility more than ever, and Itron is one of two or three companies that can sell it at scale.
Xylem NYSE: XYL
Xylem is water: pumps, treatment, and the smart-metering and leak-detection business it picked up through Sensus and Evoqua. American water utilities lose a meaningful share of what they treat to leaks before it reaches a tap. Xylem sells the acoustic sensors and analytics that find those leaks without digging up the street. Not a fast grower. A very durable one, with a customer base that literally cannot stop buying.
Badger Meter NYSE: BMI
Smaller and purer. Badger Meter sells water meters and the cellular network and software that reads them. Every meter it ships turns into a recurring software line. It's the kind of company that never makes headlines and compounds anyway. If Xylem is the water utility's general contractor, Badger is the specialist it calls for meters.
Mobility & Sensing
Roads, fleets, and the cameras and GPS pucks that watch them. This is where "smart city" gets closest to real-time data, and where the money is most sensitive to whether the public tolerates being watched.
Samsara NYSE: IOT
Samsara puts a connected box in trucks, buses, and construction gear, then sells the software that turns location and sensor data into safety scores, fuel savings, and maintenance alerts. Q1 FY27: nearly $2 billion in ARR, up 30%, third straight quarter of GAAP profitability, and $100K+ customers growing 37%. The pitch to a city fleet manager is simple: your drivers are stretched thin, here's how to run the same routes with fewer accidents and fewer trucks. Priced like a growth stock, because it still is one.
Verra Mobility NASDAQ: VRRM
Verra Mobility runs the toll-by-plate systems for rental fleets and the speed, red-light, and school-zone cameras for cities, including New York's. It's a tollbooth on the tollbooth. Q2 2026 growth accelerated, but the company cut guidance on pricing concessions in New York and higher subcontractor costs, and it carries about $1 billion of debt against $50 million of cash. This is the riskiest name on the list: a leveraged business whose biggest customers are politicians who can renegotiate at any moment. Also the cheapest, for that reason.
Trimble NASDAQ: TRMB
Trimble sells the positioning hardware and modeling software that construction crews use to rebuild roads, bridges, and utilities to the centimeter, plus the "digital twin" that lets a city see what's under the asphalt before it digs. Every federal infrastructure dollar that gets spent on a physical project eventually touches a Trimble device or file format. It's the picks-and-shovels play on the rebuild itself, with a growing software mix.
Private Bellwethers
The two companies moving the theme fastest aren't on the menu. One is buried inside a trillion-dollar parent. The other is the most controversial startup in local government.
Waymo via Alphabet, NASDAQ: GOOGL
Waymo is the smart city's first killer app that regular people actually use. As of mid-August, it directly operates in nine metros (the Bay Area, Phoenix, LA, Miami, Nashville, Orlando, Dallas, Houston, San Antonio) plus Austin and Atlanta through Uber, with Denver, Las Vegas, San Diego, and Tampa in employee-only testing. Reports put it around half a million paid rides a week, and it opened its Zeekr-built "Ojai" vehicle to all riders in August.
Every city Waymo enters has to rewrite its curb, parking, and permitting rules, which is demand for Tyler, Trimble, and Verra. You can't buy Waymo. You can buy Alphabet, where it's a rounding error today and possibly the most valuable transit utility on earth in ten years. There's persistent chatter about an eventual spin-out.
Flock Safety (Private)
Flock Safety sells license-plate-reading cameras and drones to more than 5,000 law enforcement agencies. It reportedly crossed $300 million in ARR and raised at an $8.4 billion valuation in April 2026, up from $7.5 billion a year earlier. It's also become the lightning rod for the anti-surveillance movement: a canceled partnership with Ring, protests this spring, and a growing list of cities voting to pull its cameras out.
No IPO filing. Pre-IPO platforms mark the shares around $10 to $12. Watch it anyway, because Flock is the canary. If Flock's contract cancellations stay isolated, the whole "sensors everywhere" thesis holds. If they spread, Axon and Verra get hit next.
How Smart City Fails
Failure mode one: the public says no. Cameras, plate readers, drones, and data-sharing between agencies only work if residents tolerate them. In 2026 that tolerance is visibly shrinking. Watch for state-level ALPR restrictions, city council votes to cancel camera contracts, and whether Axon's "privacy-first" positioning actually wins deals or just wins press releases.
Failure mode two: the money dries up. Cities spend when budgets are flush and freeze when they aren't. Inflation is still running above 3%, federal infrastructure money is aging out, and a recession would gut sales tax revenue fast. Retrofit hardware survives that (a broken water main doesn't care about the budget). Discretionary software and cameras do not. Watch municipal bond issuance and Tyler's bookings as the early tells.
The Future of Smart City
For the next 12 to 18 months, the theme splits in two.
The boring half (Itron, Xylem, Badger, Tyler) has unglamorous catalysts: Itron converting its $4.4 billion backlog at 41% margins, Tyler's SaaS transition pushing free-cash-flow margins toward the high 20s, and the AI-panic discount on GovTech either closing or proving justified by Q4 numbers.
The exciting half (Axon, Samsara, Waymo, Flock) lives or dies on two things: whether AI features actually expand contracts (Axon's AI plan revenue is up nearly 700%, Samsara says 20% of new bookings come from new products) and whether the surveillance backlash stays a nuisance or becomes law.
Dates on the calendar: Waymo opening Denver, Las Vegas, San Diego, and Tampa to the public; Axon's Q3 margin print in November; any Flock Safety S-1; and the November midterm ballot measures that could restrict camera networks in a handful of big cities. If Flock files and prices well, the whole theme re-rates. If it can't, treat that as the market's verdict on the sensor layer for a while.
Own the plumbing, rent the cameras.